24
Automatics
REGGIO DI CALABRIA
Overview
Date/time interval
Syllabus
Course Objectives
The Systems Theory course aims to provide students with the basic knowledge and methodological tools necessary for modeling, representing, and analyzing dynamic systems, with particular reference to linear systems.
The main objectives of the course include understanding the fundamental properties of dynamic systems, acquiring techniques for representation in input-output and state variable forms, studying equilibrium points and stability, and using linearization procedures and mathematical tools useful for analysis in the time and frequency domains.
The course also aims to develop the ability to determine and interpret the response of open-loop and closed-loop linear systems, including through the use of Laplace transforms, Fourier transforms, block diagram algebra, and Bode diagrams.
Course Prerequisites
None
Teaching Methods
Teaching includes lectures and practical exercises. Specifically:
Lectures: Presentation of theoretical concepts using slides, practical examples and mathematical demonstrations.
Guided exercises: Solving exercises and application problems to consolidate theoretical notions.
Teaching material: Provision of handouts, exercises carried out and bibliographical references for further study.
Assessment Methods
The exam consists of a written final written test and an oral exam, to which you will only be admitted if you have achieved at least a certain minimum score in the written exam. Passing the written intermediate examinations exempts you from the written final written test.
Passing the written test only entitles you to take part in the oral examination in the same examination session.
Written examination
The written examination may cover the following topics:
Stability analysis (modeling, block diagram algebra, application of the Routh or Nyquist criterion) (10 points);
Drawing Bode diagrams (10 points);
Calculating the analytical response of a system or qualitative response representation (10 points).
The written examination will assess the student’s critical thinking skills in addressing the key topics covered in the course. It will last a maximum of two hours and thirty minutes. Students may use books, manuals, and non-programmable calculators.
Oral Examination
The oral examination will consist of a discussion of the course topics. The assessment criteria include:
The student's ability to reason logically;
The ability to communicate the acquired knowledge in an appropriate scientific language;
The ability to explain theoretical concepts underlying the different types of exercises in the written exam.
Grading criteria
The final grade is awarded on the basis of the following criteria:
30 - 30 with honors Excellent The student: demonstrates comprehensive and detailed knowledge of the subject, knows the relevant content, uses correct terminology, identifies and explains the main concepts, and integrates personal insights into their summary; demonstrates an excellent understanding of the subject, clearly distinguishes between main and supporting ideas, frames key points, reinforces arguments with references to supplementary material or individual insights, and develops interdisciplinary connections; demonstrates a well-established ability to apply knowledge and analyze results; presents the subject matter in a clear and structured manner, with organized, logical, mature, and concise discourse.
28 - 29 Excellent The student: demonstrates in-depth knowledge of the subject, knows the relevant content, uses correct terminology, identifies and explains most main concepts; shows a solid understanding of the subject, identifies most key points, though does not always distinguish well between main and less important topics, discusses topics with references to supplementary material or individual insights; demonstrates excellent ability to apply knowledge and analyze results; presents the subject matter in a clear and articulate manner, with organized, logical, mature, and essential discourse, though it may contain some inaccuracies.
25 - 27 Good The student: demonstrates extensive knowledge of the subject, knows but does not fully explain the relevant content, uses terminology but not always accurately, identifies key concepts but does not fully or accurately explain them; demonstrates adequate understanding of the subject, distinguishes important key points but does not fully frame them; demonstrates good ability to apply knowledge; expresses themselves clearly but not always completely, with schematic organization and sometimes fragmented and repetitive thoughts.
22 - 24 Fair The student: demonstrates acceptable knowledge of the subject, knows most content but has gaps, shows some confusion in important but not essential concepts; demonstrates a basic understanding of the subject, does not always frame all topics or sometimes does so inaccurately; demonstrates reasonable ability to apply fundamental concepts; presents correctly but without a completely clear and coherent structure, including some irrelevant material at certain points.
18 - 21 Sufficient The student: demonstrates limited knowledge of the subject, knows the most relevant content but shows numerous gaps, identifies most key concepts but does not fully or accurately illustrate them; demonstrates a basic understanding of the subject, has difficulty distinguishing key points and does not always frame them correctly due to incompleteness or inaccuracy; shows uncertainty in applying fundamental concepts; presents in an unclear and confused manner, uses disorganized language, with fragmented and repetitive thoughts, and does not always use terminology accurately.
Insufficient The student: demonstrates poor and fragmented knowledge of the subject, does not know the essential content, shows extensive gaps, and does not identify key concepts; shows serious errors in understanding, does not answer many questions or solve many problems, makes errors in applying fundamental concepts; does not achieve an acceptable level of articulation of thought related to the subject.
Texts
- Bolzern, Scattolini, Schiavoni “Fond. Di Controlli Automatici”
- Fornasini, Marchesini “Appunti di Teoria dei Sistemi”
- Balestrino, Celentano “Teoria dei Sistemi , Quad III”
Contents
The course provides the fundamental elements for modeling, representing, and analyzing continuous dynamic systems, with particular reference to time-invariant linear systems and their main applications in automation engineering.
1) Modeling and classification of dynamic systems
Concept of dynamic systems
Classification of dynamic systems
Linear and nonlinear, time-invariant and time-variant systems
Static and dynamic, continuous and discrete systems
Modeling of electrical, mechanical, and electromechanical systems
Derivation of mathematical models from physical laws
2) Mathematical representations of systems
Input-output representation
Input-state-output representation
Relationships between different system representations
State variables and state selection
Equilibria of dynamic systems
Linearization around equilibrium points
3) Analysis of linear systems in the time domain
Fundamental properties of linear systems
Stability of dynamic systems
Free response and forced response
Transient response and steady-state response
Settling time and main performance indices
Qualitative analysis of the response
4) Integral transforms and transfer functions
Laplace transform and its properties
Inverse Laplace transform
Applications of the Laplace transform to the study of dynamic systems
Transfer function
Poles, zeros, and static gain
Block diagram algebra
5) Frequency domain analysis
Fourier transform and its applications
Frequency response
Bode diagrams
Qualitative interpretation of dynamic behavior in the frequency domain
Relationship between characteristics in the time and frequency domains
Expected results
Knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students will be familiar with the fundamental concepts of Systems Theory and will understand the principles underlying the modeling, classification, and representation of dynamic systems. They will also be familiar with the main techniques for stability analysis, equilibrium point determination, and system linearization, as well as the mathematical tools necessary for studying responses over time and frequency, such as Laplace transforms, Fourier transforms, and block diagram algebra.
Applied knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students will be able to model electrical, mechanical, and electromechanical systems, represent them in input-output and state variable forms, and analyze their dynamic behavior. They will also be able to determine the main characteristics of the time and frequency responses of linear systems, including settling time, steady-state response, and the plotting and interpretation of Bode diagrams.
Independent judgment
At the end of the course, students will be able to make informed choices about the most appropriate model and representation for studying a dynamic system, critically evaluating the assumptions, limitations, and validity of the analysis tools used. They will also be able to interpret the results obtained in terms of stability and dynamic performance, justifying the methodological choices made based on the characteristics of the problem under consideration.
Communication skills
At the end of the course, students will be able to use the technical language of Systems Theory correctly and clearly explain methods, results, and interpretations related to the modeling and analysis of dynamic systems. They will be able to present modeling hypotheses, essential mathematical steps, and the engineering significance of the results obtained in both written and oral form.
Learning skills
At the end of the course, students will have acquired the methodological and conceptual foundations necessary to independently tackle subsequent courses in automation, automatic control, and dynamic systems modeling. They will also be able to independently explore more advanced tools and methods, transferring the knowledge they have learned to new problems and engineering application contexts.
More information
Codice Teams: asv0ln2
Readme: Study support material