48
Environmental Technical Physics
REGGIO DI CALABRIA
Overview
Date/time interval
Syllabus
Course Objectives
The course aims to develop in students advanced competencies concerning the interactions between indoor microclimate and occupants' thermal conditions in both moderate and severe thermal environments, the ventilation requirements necessary to ensure air quality and safety in residential and industrial settings, and the lighting design criteria to be applied in living and working spaces.
At the end of the course the student will be able to apply the knowledge in dealing with environmental control problems of indoor environments.
Course Prerequisites
For an effective understanding of lecture topics, it is advisable for the student to possess basic knowledge of heat transfer.
No propaedeutic ties are provided.
Teaching Methods
The course is delivered in modules of 2 hours each per a total amount of 48 hours; it includes a lectures and classroom or laboratory exercises.
Assessment Methods
The achievement of educational objectives will be assessed by an oral exam regarding topics developed in the course.
The exam aims to assess whether the student has knowledge and understanding of the topics covered and whether he has acquired interpretative ability and independent judgment in specific cases.
The student must also demonstrate expository and argumentative skills that allow the transmission of his knowledge to the examiner.
The sufficiency threshold will be considered reached if the student shows knowledge and understanding of the topics covered at least in the general lines and shows useful application knowledge for the resolution of concrete cases.
The final vote will be awarded according to the following evaluation criterion:
30 - 30 and honors: complete, in-depth and critical knowledge of the topics, excellent property of language, complete and original interpretative ability, full ability to independently apply the knowledge to solve the proposed problems;
26 - 29: complete and in-depth knowledge of the topics, full ownership of language, complete and effective interpretative ability, able to independently apply the knowledge to solve the proposed problems;
24 - 25: knowledge of topics with a good degree of learning, good language property, correct and safe interpretative ability, capacity of correctly apply most of the knowledge to solve the proposed problems;
21-23: adequate knowledge of the subjects, but lack in the adequate grasp of the issue, satisfactory property of language, correct interpretative ability, limited ability to independently apply the knowledge to solve the proposed problems;
18 - 20: basic knowledge of the main topics, basic knowledge of technical language, sufficient interpretative ability, ability to apply the basic knowledge acquired;
Insufficient: the student does not have an acceptable knowledge of the topics covered during the course.
Texts
Notes and slides distributed by the teacher. Technical standards.
Gaetano Alfano, Francesca Romana d’Ambrosio, Giuseppe Riccio, “La valutazione delle condizioni termoigrometriche negli ambienti di lavoro: comfort e sicurezza”. CUEN Editore.
Gino Moncada Lo Giudice, Andrea De Lieto Vollaro, "Illuminotecnica". Masson Editore.
AA.VV., Ergonomia ed Ambiente. Progettare per i cinque sensi, a cura di Marco Beccali, Maristella Gussoni, Francesca Tosi. Edizioni “Il sole 24 ore”.
Mauro Felli, "Lezioni di fisica tecnica, Volume Terzo: Acustica, Tecnica dell'Illuminazione". Morlacchi editore.
Federico M. Butera, "Architettura e ambiente". ETAS Libri.
Livio De Santoli, Gianvincenzo Fracastoro, "La qualità dell'aria negli ambienti interni". Edizioni AICARR
Contents
PSYCHROMETRY
Mixtures of air and water vapor. Dalton's law. Total pressure. Relative humidity. Saturation ratio. Psychrometric chart. Dew point temperature. Specific properties. Enthalpy of an air–water vapor mixture. Sensible and latent heat exchanges.
THERMO-HYGROMETRIC EXCHANGES OF THE HUMAN BODY
Thermoregulatory system. Metabolic heat production and mechanical work. Human body’s thermal balance equation. Sensible and latent heat exchange through respiration. Sensible and latent heat exchange through the skin surface. ISO 8996: Assessment of metabolic rate. ISO 9920: Evaluation of thermal insulation of clothing. ISO 7726: Measurement of microclimatic parameters. Calculation of mean radiant temperature. View factors.
MODERATE THERMAL ENVIRONMENTS
Comfort equation. Comfort charts. Comfort indices. ISO 7730: Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD). Localized discomfort: high vertical temperature difference, floor temperature. Comfort requirements.
SEVERE THERMAL ENVIRONMENTS
Heat stress. ISO 7243: WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature). ISO 7933: Required sweating. Cold stress. ISO 11079: Required thermal insulation. Local cooling. Wind Chill Temperature.
INDOOR AIR QUALITY
Indoor pollutant sources. Absorbed dose. Building-Related Illness (BRI). Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). Comfort and health requirements for indoor environments. Interventions for improving IAQ. Pollutant removal at the source. Pollutant dilution. Performance-based vs. prescriptive approaches. Mass balance of pollutants. Airflow indices. Mixing and displacement ventilation. Ventilation indices. Ventilation effectiveness. Perceived air quality. Olf and decipol. Ventilation rate per olfactory comfort. Risk of viral infection. Wells‑Riley model. Probability of infection. Inhaled infectious dose. Emission rate of an infected person. Viral agent decay rate. Surface wall condensation conditions. Measurement of air changes using tracer gases.
ILLUMINANCE COMFORT
Characteristics of vision. Visibility factor and visibility coefficient. Photometric quantities: luminous flux, luminous intensity, illuminance, luminance, radiance. Artificial lighting. Luminaire characteristics. Lighting types. Luminaire classification. Light sources: incandescent lamps, gas discharge lamps, LED lamps. Lamp characteristics. Lighting design of a space. Total luminous flux method or utilization factor method. Point‑by‑point method for illuminance calculation. Glare. UGR (Unified Glare Rating) index. Contrast. Daylight: natural light sources. Sky models. Daylight factor. BRS method for calculating daylight factor. Average daylight factor method. Daylight glare. DGI (Daylight Glare Index).
OVERALL QUALITY EVALUATION
UNI EN 15251. EQI (Environmental Quality Index) and BQI (Building Quality Index) indicators.
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