Ecosystem services of the crop wild relatives, in particular, food legume landraces-rizobia association in Northern Africa and the adaptation of their genetic material to agronomic and environmental objectives.

The environmental problems raised from the increasing use of chemicals and synthetic fertilizers have prompted the scientific community to find biological alternatives for supplying mineral nutrients to crops. Legumes can be considered an ‘‘agronomical asset’’ for improving agricultural production and contributing to the maintenance and improvement of soil fertility. Legumes are dicotyledonous plants belonging to the botanical family of the Fabaceae, which represents the third plant family by the number of species after the Asteraceae and Orchids. Peanut is one of the most important oilseed crops grown in the world, particularly in the arid and semiarid regions of Africa. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting crop productivity in many parts of the world, including the South of Algeria. Traditional farmers in many areas, whether by choice or by need, conserve and develop local phytogenetic resources by preserving landraces and associated local knowledge.