Mathematical Model and Numerical Simulation for Electric Field Induced Cancer Cell Migration

A mathematical model describing the interaction of cancer cells with the urokinase plasminogen activation system is represented by a system of partial differential equations, in which cancer cell dynamics accounts for diffusion, chemotaxis, and haptotaxis contributions. The mutual relations between nerve fibers and tumors have been recently investigated, in particular, the role of nerves in the development of tumors, as well neurogenesis induced by cancer cells. Such mechanisms are mediated by neurotransmitters released by neurons as a consequence of electrical stimuli flowing along the nerves, and therefore electric fields can be present inside biological tissues, in particular, inside tumors. Considering cancer cells as negatively charged particles immersed in the correct biological environment and subjected to an external electric field, the effect of the latter on cancer cell dynamics is still unknown. Here, we implement a mathematical model that accounts for the interaction of cancer cells with the urokinase plasminogen activation system subjected to a uniform applied electric field, simulating the first stage of cancer cell dynamics in a three-dimensional axial symmetric domain. The obtained numerical results predict that cancer cells can be moved along a preferred direction by an applied electric field, suggesting new and interesting strategies in cancer therapy.