Influence of Dispersion and Location on Pay Adjustment in Construction Engineering

Acceptance procedures are usually defined in terms of the fraction of elements that fall outside of certain specification limits, such as the data dispersion around a central tendency. In contrast, design methods usually consider measures of a central tendency or location (i.e., mean) or, occasionally, on a central tendency together with measures of data dispersion. Price adjustments can be derived from data analysis using empirical models or algorithms based on life cycle cost analysis. As a consequence, there is no common logical framework for designing, analyzing, testing, and accepting road and airport pavements.