A Two-Steps Optimal Full-Wave Design of Slotted Arrays for Arbitrarily Constrained Pencil Beams

In this letter, a method for the full-wave design of slotted arrays for maximally focused beam with arbitrarily given upper bound constraints on the sidelobes is described and validated. In particular, the pattern synthesis problem is reduced to the solution of a convex programming problem followed by an optimization of the slot positions and/or dimensions, which is obtained by interfacing an in-house developed optimization algorithm with an electromagnetic computer-aided design (CAD). In total, three design examples are reported to show the effectiveness and the generality of the proposed approach; namely, two examples of linearly polarized slotted arrays, designed in standard waveguide and in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology, and a circularly polarized slotted array designed in SIW technology.